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They are an extremely diverse group of microbes with a fascinating variety of shapes. Protists are defined more by what they are not than what they are. Generally, this group of bacteria, also known as archea, thrive in extreme environments, such as hot thermal vents, under conditions with no oxygen or in highly acid environments. The archaea are similar to the eubacteria in size and in many forms, yet they differ in many ways from the eubacteria. These include most of the bacteria that people typically think of when they think of bacteria. Although many Eubacteria and Archaea look similar, if you were to look at the molecules that make them, you would find that the Eubacteria differ more from the Archaea than the Archaea differ from the rest of the Eukaryotes, which include plants, animals, fungi and protists. Prokaryotes are lumped into two groups, the Eubacteria and the Archaea. Often simple in form, bacteria have a huge range of biochemical diversity, meaning that they can grow on many different compounds. Prokaryotes? contain no nucleus or other cell organelles. To see how all forms of life are related, check out the Tree of Life World Wide Web site.
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An amazing recent discovery has shown that the bacteria can be divided into two groups, one of which, the archaebacteria, is more closely related to humans than is the other group of bacteria, the eubacteria, which are discussed below.Īll microbes are related to one another and to humans. The prokaryotes are also known as bacteria or as monerans.
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The other group of organisms are less complex and lack nuclei and are called prokaryotes ("before nucleus"). These organisms include animals, plants, fungi and protists. Those organisms which contain more complex cells and which have nuclei are called eukaryotes ("true kernal or nucleus"). Here is an outline of the major groups of organisms:Īt the most basic level, all living things can be divided into two major groups of organisms depending on the type of cells they have. In fact, in terms of numbers, most of the diversity of life on Earth is represented by microbes. Microbes are extremely diverse and represent all the great kingdoms of life, including the animals, plants, fungi, protists and bacteria (see the tree below). To help people understand the different types of microbes, they are grouped or classified in various ways. The term microbe is short for microorganism, which means small organism. Viruses and the recently discovered prions are also considered microbes. Microbes include bacteria and archaebacteria, protists, some fungi and even some very tiny animals that are too small to be seen without the aid of a microscope. DLC-ME | The Microbe Zoo | Information Booth | What Is a Microbe?Ī microbe is any living organism that spends its life at a size too tiny to be seen with the naked eye.